Surah al-A`raf (The Elevated Places) 7 : 65

Overview (Verses 65 - 72)

When All Argument Is Futile

History moves along and the sūrah moves on to another stage. We are now face to face with the people of `Ād, to whom the Prophet Had was sent.

And to `Ād [We sent] their brother Hūd. He said: “My people, worship God alone, you have no deity other than Him. Will you not, then, be God-fearing.’” Said the great ones among his people who disbelieved: “We clearly see that you are weak- minded, and, truly, we think that you are a liar.” Said [Hūd]: “Weak-minded I am not, my people’, he said: “I am a Messenger from the Lord of all the worlds. I am delivering to you my Lord’s messages and giving you sincere and honest counsel. Do you think it strange that a reminder from your Lord should come to you through a man from among yourselves, so that he might warn you? Do but remember that He has made you successors of Noah’s people, and given you a larger stature than other people. Remember, then, God’s favours so that you may attain success.” They answered: `Have you come to tell us to worship God alone, and give up what our forefathers used to worship? Bring about, then, whatever you are threatening us with, if you are a man of truth.” Said [Hūd]: “You are already beset by loathsome evil and by your Lord’s condemnation. Are you arguing with me about some names you and your forefathers have invented, and for which God has given no warrant? Wait, then, if you will. I too am waiting.” So, by Our grace, We saved him together with all those who stood by him, and We wiped out the last remnant of those who denied Our revelations and would not believe. (Verses 65-72)

It is the same message, the same dialogue and the same end. God’s law applies to all people in all generations. The people of `Ād were descendants of Noah and those who survived with him in the ark. Some reports put their number at only thirteen. There is no doubt that the descendants of those believers, saved in the ark, followed the faith preached by the Prophet Noah (peace be upon him) which is based on complete submission to God. They definitely worshipped God alone, acknowledging no deity other than Him and believing that He is the Lord of all the worlds. That was what Noah told them. Then with the passage of time, their descendants travelled and settled in different parts of the world. Satan continued to try to lead them away from divine guidance, and exploited their desires, particularly for wealth and enjoyment. Thus they abandoned God’s law. Those people of `Ād found it strange that the Prophet sent to them should call on them to worship God alone.

“And to `Ād [We sent] their brother Hūd. He said: ‘My people, worship God alone, you have no deity other than Him. Will you not, then, be God-fearing.’” (Verse 65) This is exactly what Noah said to his people earlier, and they refused to accept it and suffered their well-known destiny. God has given power to the people of `Ād, but the sūrah does not mention here where they lived, although we learn from another sūrah that they were settled at al-Aĥqāf, which is a reference to the high sand dunes close to the Yemen border between Yamāmah and Ĥadramawt. They followed the same pattern as Noah’s people, rejected the warnings, and refused to reflect on what happened to those who went along before them. Therefore, Mild adds in his address to them this sentence: “Will you not, then, be God-fearing.” (Verse 65) This implies a strong criticism of their attitude as they show no fear of God and no worry about a terrible destiny.

The elders and the chiefs of his people found it too much that one from among them should call on them to follow divine guidance and denounce them for not fearing God. They found his attitude rather impudent, exceeding the limits and showing them little respect. Hence, they started to accuse their Prophet with being both foolish and a liar, paying him no respect. Without proper reflection, deliberation or sound evidence, they made their accusations: “Said the great ones among his people who disbelieved: ‘We clearly see that you are weak-minded, and, truly, we think that you are a liar.’” (Verse 66) But he replied decisively: “’ Weak-minded I am not, my people’, he said: `I am a Messenger from the Lord of all the worlds. I am delivering to you my Lord’s messages and giving you sincere and honest counsel.” (Verses 67-68)

His denial of being foolish or weak-minded combines simplicity with truthfulness, just in the same way as Noah denied that he was in error. Also like Noah before him, Hūd explains to them the source and goal of his message and that as he delivers it to them, he is giving them sound advice and ensuring honesty in its delivery. He says all that to them with the compassion of a person giving advice, and the truthfulness which is the mark of a trustworthy person. But like Noah’s people before them, they wondered that he should be chosen as God’s messenger, and at the message entrusted to him. Thus, we find Hūd saying to them the same words Noah had said before him, as if the two persons had one soul: “Do you think it strange that a reminder from your Lord should come to you through a man from among yourselves, so that he might warn you?” (Verse 69)

He then adds something relevant to their own situation as the successors of the people of Noah and the fact that they had been given greater strength and larger stature which fits with their mountainous area: “Do but remember that He has made you successors of Noah’s people, and given you a larger stature than other people. Remember, then, God’s favours so that you may attain success.” (Verse 69) All that they have been given should have made them grateful and should have warned them against being cocky and conceited so that they would not suffer the same fate as earlier nations. They had not made a covenant with God to suspend the laws of nature He had set in operation, in accordance with His design for life on earth. To remember God’s favours encourages gratitude for them, and to be grateful for God’s blessings requires that what has led to them should be assiduously maintained and preserved. Only in this way can we ensure prosperity in this life as well as in the life to come.

However, when human nature deviates, it ceases to think, reflect and heed warnings. Those elders behaved in the most arrogant of manners. They stopped the argument and precipitated God’s punishment, showing boredom with sincere, honest advice and paying little heed to God’s messenger’s serious warning. Their answer shows that they can hardly tolerate the manner their Prophet spoke to them in. They do not want to even consider it: “They answered: ‘Have you come to tell us to worship God alone, and give up what our forefathers used to worship?’” (Verse 70)

This is a depressing scene of how familiar traditions exercise a blinding pressure over hearts and minds. This pressure deprives man of one of the most basic of his human qualities: that is, the freedom to think, reflect and choose his beliefs. Thus, man is enslaved by custom and tradition and by what his own and other people’s desires impose on him. Every window of knowledge and every light of hope is closed. Those people precipitated their own doom because they did not wish to face the truth or to reflect on the absurdity of their falsehood. They said to their Prophet who gave honest advice: “Bring about, then, whatever you are threatening us with, if you are a man of truth.” (Verse 70)

The Prophet’s answer was quick and decisive, as he said: “You are already beset by loathsome evil and by your Lord’s condemnation. Are you arguing with me about some names you and your forefathers have invented, and for which God has given no warrant? Wait, then, if you will. I too am waiting.” (Verse 71)

He thus told them what fate was about to befall them and which they could no longer avoid. It was his Lord who told him of the suffering they would inevitably endure, together with God’s condemnation. He also made it clear to them that their beliefs were absurd: “Are you arguing with me about some names you and your forefathers have invented, and for which God has given no warrant?” (Verse 71) What you have associated with God has no reality. They are mere names invented by you or your forefathers. God has never given any sanction for their worship. Hence, they have no power and no proof to support their status.

A short sentence that is often repeated in the Qur’ān is particularly significant. God says, in connection with the worship of anyone or anything other than Him that ‘God has given no warrant’ for such worship. This refers to a fundamental principle which tells us that every word, law, tradition or concept which is not sanctioned by God has little or no effect and will soon disappear. Human nature receives all this lightly, but when a word comes from God, it acquires additional weight, causing it to penetrate right through people’s minds, because it derives its power from God. Numerous are the theories, doctrines and concepts which received a great deal of publicity backed by strong authority. But once they found themselves face to face with God’s word, they soon appeared as they truly are: weak, hollow and insupportable.

With all the confidence of a true believer, Hūd challenges his people: “Wait then, if you will. I too am waiting.” (Verse 71) It is this confidence that gives strength to the advocates of faith who are certain that falsehood is truly weak although it may temporarily have the appearance of material power and great following. The advocates of faith are certain that the power and authority of the truth they advocate will eventually triumph because it is derived from God’s power.

In the story of Hūd and his people, the waiting is not long: “So, by Our grace, We saved him together with all those who stood by him, and We wiped out the last remnant of those who denied Our revelations and would not believe.” (Verse 72) It is total destruction from which no one is saved. This is understood from the expression, “wiped out the last remnant.” In the Arabic text, the term used signifies the last person in a caravan who moves a short distance behind it.

Another page of the history of communities denying the truth is thus turned, with the warning given full effect after all reminders have been rejected. This sūrah does not go into details of how the destruction took place. This is explained in other sūrahs. Therefore, we leave its discussion for now.

Overview (Verses 65 - 72)

When All Argument Is Futile

History moves along and the sūrah moves on to another stage. We are now face to face with the people of `Ād, to whom the Prophet Had was sent.

And to `Ād [We sent] their brother Hūd. He said: “My people, worship God alone, you have no deity other than Him. Will you not, then, be God-fearing.’” Said the great ones among his people who disbelieved: “We clearly see that you are weak- minded, and, truly, we think that you are a liar.” Said [Hūd]: “Weak-minded I am not, my people’, he said: “I am a Messenger from the Lord of all the worlds. I am delivering to you my Lord’s messages and giving you sincere and honest counsel. Do you think it strange that a reminder from your Lord should come to you through a man from among yourselves, so that he might warn you? Do but remember that He has made you successors of Noah’s people, and given you a larger stature than other people. Remember, then, God’s favours so that you may attain success.” They answered: `Have you come to tell us to worship God alone, and give up what our forefathers used to worship? Bring about, then, whatever you are threatening us with, if you are a man of truth.” Said [Hūd]: “You are already beset by loathsome evil and by your Lord’s condemnation. Are you arguing with me about some names you and your forefathers have invented, and for which God has given no warrant? Wait, then, if you will. I too am waiting.” So, by Our grace, We saved him together with all those who stood by him, and We wiped out the last remnant of those who denied Our revelations and would not believe. (Verses 65-72)

It is the same message, the same dialogue and the same end. God’s law applies to all people in all generations. The people of `Ād were descendants of Noah and those who survived with him in the ark. Some reports put their number at only thirteen. There is no doubt that the descendants of those believers, saved in the ark, followed the faith preached by the Prophet Noah (peace be upon him) which is based on complete submission to God. They definitely worshipped God alone, acknowledging no deity other than Him and believing that He is the Lord of all the worlds. That was what Noah told them. Then with the passage of time, their descendants travelled and settled in different parts of the world. Satan continued to try to lead them away from divine guidance, and exploited their desires, particularly for wealth and enjoyment. Thus they abandoned God’s law. Those people of `Ād found it strange that the Prophet sent to them should call on them to worship God alone.

“And to `Ād [We sent] their brother Hūd. He said: ‘My people, worship God alone, you have no deity other than Him. Will you not, then, be God-fearing.’” (Verse 65) This is exactly what Noah said to his people earlier, and they refused to accept it and suffered their well-known destiny. God has given power to the people of `Ād, but the sūrah does not mention here where they lived, although we learn from another sūrah that they were settled at al-Aĥqāf, which is a reference to the high sand dunes close to the Yemen border between Yamāmah and Ĥadramawt. They followed the same pattern as Noah’s people, rejected the warnings, and refused to reflect on what happened to those who went along before them. Therefore, Mild adds in his address to them this sentence: “Will you not, then, be God-fearing.” (Verse 65) This implies a strong criticism of their attitude as they show no fear of God and no worry about a terrible destiny.

The elders and the chiefs of his people found it too much that one from among them should call on them to follow divine guidance and denounce them for not fearing God. They found his attitude rather impudent, exceeding the limits and showing them little respect. Hence, they started to accuse their Prophet with being both foolish and a liar, paying him no respect. Without proper reflection, deliberation or sound evidence, they made their accusations: “Said the great ones among his people who disbelieved: ‘We clearly see that you are weak-minded, and, truly, we think that you are a liar.’” (Verse 66) But he replied decisively: “’ Weak-minded I am not, my people’, he said: `I am a Messenger from the Lord of all the worlds. I am delivering to you my Lord’s messages and giving you sincere and honest counsel.” (Verses 67-68)

His denial of being foolish or weak-minded combines simplicity with truthfulness, just in the same way as Noah denied that he was in error. Also like Noah before him, Hūd explains to them the source and goal of his message and that as he delivers it to them, he is giving them sound advice and ensuring honesty in its delivery. He says all that to them with the compassion of a person giving advice, and the truthfulness which is the mark of a trustworthy person. But like Noah’s people before them, they wondered that he should be chosen as God’s messenger, and at the message entrusted to him. Thus, we find Hūd saying to them the same words Noah had said before him, as if the two persons had one soul: “Do you think it strange that a reminder from your Lord should come to you through a man from among yourselves, so that he might warn you?” (Verse 69)

He then adds something relevant to their own situation as the successors of the people of Noah and the fact that they had been given greater strength and larger stature which fits with their mountainous area: “Do but remember that He has made you successors of Noah’s people, and given you a larger stature than other people. Remember, then, God’s favours so that you may attain success.” (Verse 69) All that they have been given should have made them grateful and should have warned them against being cocky and conceited so that they would not suffer the same fate as earlier nations. They had not made a covenant with God to suspend the laws of nature He had set in operation, in accordance with His design for life on earth. To remember God’s favours encourages gratitude for them, and to be grateful for God’s blessings requires that what has led to them should be assiduously maintained and preserved. Only in this way can we ensure prosperity in this life as well as in the life to come.

However, when human nature deviates, it ceases to think, reflect and heed warnings. Those elders behaved in the most arrogant of manners. They stopped the argument and precipitated God’s punishment, showing boredom with sincere, honest advice and paying little heed to God’s messenger’s serious warning. Their answer shows that they can hardly tolerate the manner their Prophet spoke to them in. They do not want to even consider it: “They answered: ‘Have you come to tell us to worship God alone, and give up what our forefathers used to worship?’” (Verse 70)

This is a depressing scene of how familiar traditions exercise a blinding pressure over hearts and minds. This pressure deprives man of one of the most basic of his human qualities: that is, the freedom to think, reflect and choose his beliefs. Thus, man is enslaved by custom and tradition and by what his own and other people’s desires impose on him. Every window of knowledge and every light of hope is closed. Those people precipitated their own doom because they did not wish to face the truth or to reflect on the absurdity of their falsehood. They said to their Prophet who gave honest advice: “Bring about, then, whatever you are threatening us with, if you are a man of truth.” (Verse 70)

The Prophet’s answer was quick and decisive, as he said: “You are already beset by loathsome evil and by your Lord’s condemnation. Are you arguing with me about some names you and your forefathers have invented, and for which God has given no warrant? Wait, then, if you will. I too am waiting.” (Verse 71)

He thus told them what fate was about to befall them and which they could no longer avoid. It was his Lord who told him of the suffering they would inevitably endure, together with God’s condemnation. He also made it clear to them that their beliefs were absurd: “Are you arguing with me about some names you and your forefathers have invented, and for which God has given no warrant?” (Verse 71) What you have associated with God has no reality. They are mere names invented by you or your forefathers. God has never given any sanction for their worship. Hence, they have no power and no proof to support their status.

A short sentence that is often repeated in the Qur’ān is particularly significant. God says, in connection with the worship of anyone or anything other than Him that ‘God has given no warrant’ for such worship. This refers to a fundamental principle which tells us that every word, law, tradition or concept which is not sanctioned by God has little or no effect and will soon disappear. Human nature receives all this lightly, but when a word comes from God, it acquires additional weight, causing it to penetrate right through people’s minds, because it derives its power from God. Numerous are the theories, doctrines and concepts which received a great deal of publicity backed by strong authority. But once they found themselves face to face with God’s word, they soon appeared as they truly are: weak, hollow and insupportable.

With all the confidence of a true believer, Hūd challenges his people: “Wait then, if you will. I too am waiting.” (Verse 71) It is this confidence that gives strength to the advocates of faith who are certain that falsehood is truly weak although it may temporarily have the appearance of material power and great following. The advocates of faith are certain that the power and authority of the truth they advocate will eventually triumph because it is derived from God’s power.

In the story of Hūd and his people, the waiting is not long: “So, by Our grace, We saved him together with all those who stood by him, and We wiped out the last remnant of those who denied Our revelations and would not believe.” (Verse 72) It is total destruction from which no one is saved. This is understood from the expression, “wiped out the last remnant.” In the Arabic text, the term used signifies the last person in a caravan who moves a short distance behind it.

Another page of the history of communities denying the truth is thus turned, with the warning given full effect after all reminders have been rejected. This sūrah does not go into details of how the destruction took place. This is explained in other sūrahs. Therefore, we leave its discussion for now.