Overview - Surah 32: as-Sajdah (The Prostration)
The Surah discusses some of the doubts and arguments of the non-believers against the principles of Tawhid, Risalah and Akhirah. It invites human beings to think and reflect on their own selves and on the nature surrounding them. Every thing points that there is a Wise and Powerful Creator for this universe. He has not created all this phenomenon in vain. The creation has a purpose.
Sections:
- The Qur'an is from the Lord of the Worlds. Allah created this whole universe. He created human beings, but some human beings deny the resurrection.
- The difference between the Believers and non-Believers.
- The Mission of Prophet Moses - peace be upon him. Take lessons from the history of other nations. Signs of resurrection in nature.
Surah as-Sajdah [The Prostration] has an Ayat of prostration (32:15) [which entails an act of prostration after its recital]. There are 15 places of prostration in the Mushaf. In the 15th Ayat of Surah as-Sajdah [The Prostration], there is a place of Sajdah [prostration] and this Ayat has 15 words.
There are 30 Ayat in this Surah.
Overview
| Total Ayat | 30 |
| Total Words * | 372 |
| Root Words * | 139 |
| Makki / Madani | Makki |
| Chronological Order* | 75th (according to Ibn Abbas) |
| Year of Revelation* | 12th year of Prophethood |
| Events during/before this Surah*
2nd Pledge of Aqabah, 1st Pledge of Aqabah, Death of Abu Talib - Death of Khadijah - Stoning at Ta'if - al-Isra wal Mi'raj - Night Journey, Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 3, Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 2, Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 1, 2nd Migration to Abyssinia, Physical beating and torture of some Muslims - 1st Migration of Muslims to Abyssinia, Public Invitation to Islam - Persecution of Muslims; antagonism - ridicule - derision - accusation - abuse and false propaganda., Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam , Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam , Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam
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| Events during/after still to occur*
,Migration from Makkah to Madinah - Building of Masjid Nabi in Madinah - Treaty with Jews of Madinah - Marriage of Prophet to Aishah,Change of Qiblah from Jerusalem to Makkah - Battle of Badr,Battle of Uhud,,Battle of Ahzab - Expedition of Banu Quraydhah,Treaty of Hudaiybiyah - Letters to Kings and Rulers,,Conquest of Makkah - Battle of Hunain,Hajj led by Abu Bakr - Expedition of Tabuk,Farewell Hajj by Prophet - Death of Prophet - End of Divine Revelation
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| Names of Prophets Mentioned
Musa
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| Surah Index
God (a day for Him is ) (a thousand human years), God (knows that beyond comprehension) , Angels, Children (of Israel) , Death, Earth, Hell, Humankind (creation of) (from clay), Jinn, Judgement (Day) , Moses, Prayer (prostration) , Prayer (times of day of) , Pregnancy, Resurrection (Day) , Resurrection (of soul) , Revelation, Torah, Weather (rain)
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The main theme of the Surah is to remove the doubts of the people concerning Monotheism (Tawhid), the Hereafter, the Prophethood and to invite them to all these three realities. The disbelievers of Makkah when they talked of the Prophet in private would say to one another ‘This person is forging something very strange, sometimes he gives news of what will happen after death. He says: ‘When you have become dust you will be called to render your accounts and there will be Hell and Heaven.’ Sometimes he says: ‘These gods and goddesses and saints are nonentities: One God alone is the Deity.’ And sometimes he says: ‘The discourses which I recite are not my own but God’s Word. All these are strange things which he presents.’ The answer to these doubts and misgivings forms the theme and subject matter of this Surah.
There are 15 places of prostration in the Mushaf. In the 15th Ayat of Surah as-Sajdah [The Prostration], there is a place of Sajdah [prostration]. The places of prostration in the Mushaf are:
1. Surah al-A'raaf (7:206)
2. Surah ar-Ra'd (13:15)
3. Surah an-Nahl (16:50)
4. surah al-Isra'(17:109)
5. Surah Maryam (19:58)
6. Surah al-Hajj (22:18)
7. Surah al-Hajj 22:77)
8. Surah al-Furqan (25:60)
9. Surah an-Naml (27:26)
10.Surah as-Sajda (32:15)
11.Surah Saad (38:24)
12.Surah Fussilat (41:38)
13.Surah an-Najm (53:62)
14.Surah al-Inshiqaq (84:21)
15.Surah al-Alaq (96:19)
Manuscripts / Inscriptions
- Surah 29, 30, 31 and 32 all begin with ALIF-LAM-MEEM - The same huruf muqatiat [disjointed letters]
- The Messenger of Allah [saw] would recite Surah as-Sajdah [32] in the first rak'ah of Fajr Salah on Fridays. He would recite Surah al-Insan [76] in the second rak'ah. [Saheeh Muslim]
- Jabir ibn Abdullah reports that the Messenger of Allah [saw] would not sleep until He had recited Surah as-Sajdah [32] and Surah al-Mulk [67].
Total Word Count per Ayat (shows how many words per Ayat) = * | ||
From the style of the Surah it appears that it was sent down during the early-middle Makkah period. This is due to little reference of the severity of the persecution and tyranny which one finds in the Surahs sent down in the later stages.
- The Qur'an is beyond all doubts and is sent to warn those people to whom no Warner has come before.
- On the Day of Judgement, the disbelievers shall believe but that belief will be of no benefit to them.
- There are 15 places of prostration in the Mushaf. In the 15th Ayat of Surah as-Sajdah [The Prostration], there is a place of Sajdah [prostration] and this Ayat has 15 words.
- There is a special reward for those who forsake their beds and invoke their Rabb with fear and hope, and spend in charity.
Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Messenger of Allah said: «قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالى: أَعْدَدْتُ لِعِبَادِي الصَّالِحِينَ مَا لَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلى قَلْبِ بَشَر» Allah says: "I have prepared for My righteous servants what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and it has never crossed the mind of man.'') Abu Hurayrah said: "Recite, if you wish:فَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَّآ أُخْفِىَ لَهُم مِّن قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ "No person knows what is kept hidden for them of delights of eyes." It was also recorded by Muslim and At-Tirmidhi. At-Tirmidhi said, "It is Hasan Sahih.''
In another version of Bukhari: «وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ، ذُخْرًا مِنْ بَلْهِ مَا أُطْلِعْتُمْ عَلَيْه» "and no body has ever even imagined of. All that is reserved, besides which, all that you have seen is nothing.''
It was also reported from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet said:«مَنْ يَدْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ يَنْعَمْ لَا يَبْأَسْ، لَا تَبْلَى ثِيَابُهُ، وَلَا يَفْنَى شَبَابُهُ، فِي الْجَنَّةِ مَا لَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلى قَلْبِ بَشَر»"Whoever enters Paradise, will enjoy a life of luxury and never feel deprivation, his clothes will never wear out, his youth will never fade. In Paradise there is what no eye has ever seen, no ear has ever heard, and has never crossed the mind of man." This was recorded by Muslim.
- The Qur'an is similar to the Book which was given to the Prophet Musa (Moses).
Tafsir Zone
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Sayyid Qutb Overview (Verses 15 - 22) Getting Up for Worship The next scene now imparts a different feeling, aura and fragrance. It is so pleasant that hearts warm to it. It is an image of believers in their devotion, showing their humility before their Lord, praying to Him with awe in their hearts, hoping for His mercy and grace. He has in store for them a reward that they cannot imagine, no matter how they try. Only they believe in Our revelations who, whenever they are reminded of them, fall down prostrating themselves in adoration, and extol their Lord’s limitless glory and praise; and who are never arrogant; who drag themselves out of their beds at night to pray to their Lord in fear and hope; and who are charitable with what We provide for them. No one can imagine what blissful delights have been kept in store for them as a reward for what they used to do. (Verses 15-17) This is a pleasant image of believing souls which are so gentle and sensitive. They are sincere in the devotion they address to God alone. No arrogance or pride creeps into their hearts. They receive God’s revelation with interest and acceptance, eager to understand and act on them. When these believers are reminded of God’s revelations, they “fall down prostrating themselves in adoration.” (Verse 15) They are keenly influenced by what they are told, glorify God and feel His majesty. Hence, their first reaction is to fall down prostrating themselves. This is the best expression of their feelings, putting their foreheads on the ground in adoration. With this physical gesture, they “extol their Lord’s limitless glory and praise.” They are never arrogant. Their response is genuine, expressing their true feelings of God’s glory. The sūrah then describes their physical attitude and inner feelings in a vivid expression that brings the movement and the feeling before our eyes: “[They] drag themselves out of their beds at night to pray to their Lord in fear and hope.” (Verse 16) They stand up for night prayer, which is the obligatory `Ishā’ prayer and the Witr that follows it, and they add voluntary night prayer and supplication. This is described here, however, as dragging themselves out of beds. Thus we see the beds and their attraction, inviting people to take rest and sleep. Yet those believers do not respond, and make every effort to resist such attraction, because they have something else that preoccupies them. They want to stand before their Lord, in adoration, with feelings of fear and hope present in their minds. They dread disobeying God and long for His help. They fear God’s anger and punishment and hope for His mercy and acceptance. All these feelings are brought together before our eyes as they: “pray to their Lord in fear and hope.” With such sensitivity and devoted, earnest prayer, they do their duty towards the Muslim community, in obedience to God: “And who are charitable with what We provide for them.” (Verse 16) This splendid, glorious image is accompanied by another one showing the marvellous and special reward which reflects the special care, honour and generosity God bestows on them: “No one can imagine what blissful delights have been kept in store for them as a reward for what they used to do.” (Verse 17) This verse suggests that God Himself welcomes these people, and that He takes it upon Himself to prepare the reward He has in store for them. Furthermore, it is He who will give them a warm reception and an honourable position which will delight them. All this though is known to God alone, no one else has any idea of it. It remains with Him until it is shown to those who will be given it when they meet Him. What a splendid meeting with the Lord of the universe! What can we say about God’s grace which He bestows in abundance on His servants? Let their deeds, worship, obedience and hopes be as they may, who and what are they to deserve that God, in His majesty, should prepare their reward and give them such abundant care and warm reception? It is all part of God’s grace that knows no limit. The two contrasting images of the humiliated unbelievers and the honoured believers are followed with a summing up of the principle of fair reward. This is what differentiates between those who do good and those who do evil, and their status in this world and in the life to come. This principle makes reward commensurate with action on the basis of absolute justice: Is, then, the one who is a believer to be compared to one who is wicked? The two are certainly not equal. Those who believe and do righteous deeds will have the gardens of repose for an abode in recompense for what they used to do; whereas the wicked have the fire as their abode: whenever they try to come out of it, they will be thrown back in it, and they will be told, ‘Taste this suffering through fire which you always thought to be a lie.’ We will certainly let them taste a suffering closer at hand before they experience the greater suffering so that they might return [to the right faith]. Who does a greater wrong than one who is reminded [of the truth] by his Lord’s revelations but he, nevertheless, turns away from them? We shall certainly inflict Our retribution on the evildoers. (Verses 18-22) The believers and the wicked cannot be equal in their natures, feelings or actions. Hence, they cannot have the same reward either in this life or in the life to come. The believers are straight in their nature, looking up to God in what they do, following His code of living. The wicked deviate from the truth, spread corruption on earth, and do not follow His guidance and proper code. No wonder, then, that the roads the two groups take in the life to come should be different. Each will have the reward that fits their actions: “Those who believe and do righteous deeds will have the gardens of repose,” which will be their dwelling place. These gardens are given to them “for an abode,” where they settle. This is “in recompense for what they used to do.” (Verse 19) “Whereas the wicked have the fire as their abode.” This is where they settle. Needless to say, being homeless is much better than such an abode. Yet, “whenever they try to come out of it, they will be thrown back in it.” This is an image showing repeated attempts to escape and to avoid the burning. Yet, “they will be told, Taste this suffering through fire which you always thought to be a lie.” (Verse 20) Thus, rebuke adds to the physical suffering. Such is the fate of the wicked in the life to come. But they are not left alone until then. God warns them that they may incur punishment in this present life before they suffer the punishment of the Day of Judgement: “We will certainly let them taste a suffering closer at hand before they experience the greater suffering.” (Verse 21) Yet this suffering, which is close at hand, carries with it an aspect of grace. God does not like to expose His creatures to suffering unless they incur such punishment by the actions they do or fail to do, and by being persistent in what incurs punishment. Therefore, God warns them that He will make them suffer in this life “so that they might return [to the right faith].” This may, perchance, let their nature wake up. The pain may bring them back to the truth. If they do, then they will avoid the fate of the wicked which we saw earlier. However, if they continue to turn away when they are reminded of God’s revelations and signs, and if they fail to return to the truth after their suffering in this present life, then they are confirmed wrongdoers: “Who does a greater wrong than one who is reminded [of the truth] by his Lord’s revelations but he, nevertheless, turns away from them?” (Verse 22) In such a situation, they deserve strong retribution both in this life and in the life to come: “We shall certainly inflict Our retribution on the evildoers.” (Verse 22) What a serious and fearful warning from God Almighty to those who deserve such punishment.
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Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
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- Surah 32. As-Sajdah - Saad al Ghamidi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbLT9XhroAg&list=PLhM2xiAUdw2cAqW_o3zZkbhJNw0bnaBZN&index=32
- Surah 32. As-Sajdah Mahmoud Khalil Al Hussary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOrLpMrur6k&index=32&list=PLxpAkjlGauHfMFWX22VZWOKpzjr-vH_BM
- Surah 32. As-Sajdah Muhammad Al Luhaydan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zk9UVA_GgyI&index=32&list=PLxpAkjlGauHfKAYuQLRNAZomoezhfhRZe
- Surah 32. As-Sajdah muhammad Minshawi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_Pz75hi_p0&index=32&list=PLxpAkjlGauHdUcO_uc-8F8J2NUQRDZjPG
