Overview - Surah 86: at-Tariq (The Night-Comer )

Surah Introduction

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Every thing in this universe is working under the protection and supervision of Allah.  The creation of human beings as well as the creation of this universe is not a joke. The creation is a serious work of Allah and so is His word, the Qur'an.

The Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ "By the sky and the night comer -" [86:1]

There are 17 Ayat in this Surah.

Overview

Total Ayat17
Total Words *61
Root Words *34
Unique Root Words *2
Makki / MadaniMakki
Chronological Order* 36th (according to Ibn Abbas)
Year of Revelation* 8th year of Prophethood
Events during/before this Surah*
Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 2, Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 1, 2nd Migration to Abyssinia, Physical beating and torture of some Muslims - 1st Migration of Muslims to Abyssinia, Public Invitation to Islam - Persecution of Muslims; antagonism - ridicule - derision - accusation - abuse and false propaganda., Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam , Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam , Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam
Events during/after still to occur*
Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 3,Death of Abu Talib - Death of Khadijah - Stoning at Ta'if - al-Isra wal Mi'raj - Night Journey,1st Pledge of Aqabah,2nd Pledge of Aqabah,,Migration from Makkah to Madinah - Building of Masjid Nabi in Madinah - Treaty with Jews of Madinah - Marriage of Prophet to Aishah,Change of Qiblah from Jerusalem to Makkah - Battle of Badr,Battle of Uhud,,Battle of Ahzab - Expedition of Banu Quraydhah,Treaty of Hudaiybiyah - Letters to Kings and Rulers,,Conquest of Makkah - Battle of Hunain,Hajj led by Abu Bakr - Expedition of Tabuk,Farewell Hajj by Prophet - Death of Prophet - End of Divine Revelation
Names of Prophets Mentioned
No Prophets names are mentioned in this Surah
Surah Index
Angels (guardian) , Astronomy (motion of objects in the Universe) , Astronomy (stars) , Humankind (creation of) (from seminal fluid), Knowledge (obligation upon man to obtain and impart) , Resurrection (of humans) , Resurrection (of soul)

Central Theme

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It discuses two themes: first, that man has to appear before God after death; second, that the Qur’an is a decisive Word which no plan or device of the disbelievers can defeat or frustrate. First of all, the stars of the heavens have been cited as an evidence that there is nothing in the universe which may continue to exist and survive without a guardian over it. Then man has been asked to consider his own self as to how he has been brought into existence from a mere sperm drop and shaped into a living human being. Then it has been said that the God, Who has so brought him into existence, has certainly the power to create him once again, and this resurrection will be for the purpose to scrutinise all the secrets of man which remained hidden in the world. At that time, man will neither be able to escape the consequences of his deeds by his own power, nor will anyone else come to his rescue.

In conclusion, it has been pointed out that just as the falling of rain from the sky and the sprouting of plants and crops from the earth is no child’s play but a serious task, so also the truths expressed in the Qur’an are firm and unchangeable reality. The disbelievers are involved in the misunderstanding that their plans and devices will defeat the invitation of the Qur’an, but they do not know that God too is devising a plan which will bring to nought all their scheming and planning. Then in one sentence the discourse has been summed up, with a word of consolation to the Prophet and a tacit warning to the disbelievers, saying: “Have patience for a while: let the disbelievers do their utmost. Before long they will themselves realise whether they have been able to defeat the Qur’an by their scheming or the Qur’an has dominated them in the very place where they are exerting their utmost to defeat it.”

Connection of the name of the Surah and its Ayaat

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Connection between the beginning and the ending of the Surah

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Manuscripts / Inscriptions

Connection of the Surah to the Surah before/after it

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The Virtues of the Surah

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Special Features of the Surah

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Important key and unique words of the Surah

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Total Word Count per Ayat (shows how many words per Ayat) = 2*

Unique Root Words to this Surah only


2 unique root words that do not appear in any other Surah *

Top 10 Most Frequent Root Words used in this Surah

Root Word Frequency
in Surah
Frequency
in Qur'an
ك ي د 4 35
س م و 2 381
ط ر ق 2 11
خ ل ق 2 261
ر ج ع 2 104
م ه ل 2 6
د ر ي 1 29
ن ج م 1 13
ث ق ب 1 2
ك ل ل 1 377

Period of Revelation

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The style of its subject matter resembles that of the earliest Surahs revealed at Makkah, but this Surah was sent down at a stage when the disbelievers of Makkah were employing all sorts of devices and plans to defeat and frustrate the message of the Qur’an and Muhammad.

Background Reasons for Revelation

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Relevant Hadith

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Lessons/Guidance/Major-Issues/Reflections

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  • Allah has appointed a guardian angel over each soul.
  • The Qur'an is the decisive word of Allah.

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Miscellaneous Issues

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