Surah al-Anbiya' (The Prophets ) 21 : 89

Overview (Verses 89 - 92)

One Community Throughout History
 
Along the same lines of its brief accounts of different prophets, the sūrah gives a quick reference to Zachariah and his son John, highlighting how God responded to Zachariah and answered his prayers:
 
And remember Zachariah when he cried out to his Lord: My Lord! Do not leave me alone, although You are the best of inheritors.’ So We responded to him and gave him John, having cured his wife for him. They all would vie with one another in doing good works, and would call on Us in yearning and awe. They were always humble before Us. (Verses 89-90)
 
The story of John’s birth is given in detail in Sūrahs 19 and 3, Maryam and the House of `Imrān. Here it is given very briefly to fit with the rest of the sūrah. It begins with Zachariah’s prayer, ‘My Lord, do not leave me alone,’ without a successor to take care of the temple. Zachariah was in charge of the temple where the Israelites offered their worship, before the birth of Jesus. However, Zachariah does not forget that the ultimate custodian of faith and property is God Himself: “You are the best of inheritors.” He only needs a successor who will attend well to the faith and to his family. People are the medium to fulfil God’s will on earth.
 
The answer to this prayer was swift and direct at the same time. “So We responded to him and gave him John, having cured his wife for him.” (Verse 90) She was barren, unable to bear children. The sūrah overlooks all details to give us the ultimate result of God’s response to Zachariah’s prayer. “They all would vie with one another in doing good works.” Hence, God gave an immediate response to that prayer. They “would call on Us in yearning and awe.” They yearned to earn God’s pleasure and were in awe of incurring His displeasure. Their hearts were alive, always hopeful. “They were always humble before Us,” showing no arrogance.
 
It was Zachariah’s and his wife’s good characteristics that deserved that God should bless them with a goodly son, John. Thus, the whole family was blessed, fully deserving of God’s grace.
 
Finally, Mary is mentioned along with her son: “And remember her who guarded her chastity, whereupon We breathed into her of Our spirit and caused her, together with her son, to become a sign to all mankind.” (Verse 91)
 
We note that Mary is not mentioned here by name, because the main reference in the chain of prophets is to her son, while she is second to him in this account. Reference is made to her main quality that is related to her son. Thus she is the one “who guarded her chastity,” keeping herself pure of all sexual contact. Normally, this expression of guarding one’s chastity is used to refer to marriage, because it protects against sin. Here it refers to its primary meaning, which is purity of all contact, whether legitimate or not. Thus, Mary is held innocent of all accusations levelled by the Jews against her and against Joseph the carpenter, who was with her in the service of the temple. The Gospels now in circulation claim that he married her but did not consummate the marriage and she remained a virgin.
 
So, Mary guarded her chastity, and God breathed into her of His spirit. The breathing is left general here, unlike Sūrah 66, The Prohibition, where its location is mentioned. We discussed this in our commentary on Sūrah 19, Maryam. In order to stick to the general atmosphere generated by the text of this sūrah, we prefer not to add any details here, confining ourselves only to what is directly mentioned.
 
We “caused her, together with her son, to become a sign to all mankind.” (Verse 91) Indeed she was a unique sign, without similar example, whether in the past or in the future, a single such case in the history of mankind. Such a special case is worthy of our contemplation, for by doing so we recognize God’s power, unrestricted as it is by anything whatsoever. It is the power that designs natural laws and sets them in operation, but which is not subservient to them. It remains free of all restrictions.
 
At the end of this fast moving round, referring to different messengers, types of tests, and forms of God’s grace and mercy, the sūrah gives a final comment: “Surely, your community is but one community, and I am your only Lord. So, worship Me alone.” (Verse 92)
 
This is the community of prophets: a single community, sharing the same faith, following the same course, and turning to God alone. Thus we have a single community on earth, and a single Lord in heaven. He has no partners. No one can be worshipped but Him. This whole community follows the same line, acknowledging a single will in heaven and on earth. Thus, this whole round dovetails with the central theme of the sūrah, emphasizing the right faith based on the concept of God’s oneness, which is confirmed by all universal laws.